⚔️ 202 BCE – Battle of Zama Ends the Second Punic War: Roman General Scipio Africanus defeated Hannibal at Zama, marking the end of the Second Punic War and solidifying Rome's dominance in the Mediterranean. 🛡️

🇺🇸 1781 – British Surrender at Yorktown: British General Cornwallis surrendered to American and French forces at Yorktown, effectively ending the American Revolutionary War and leading to U.S. independence. 🎖️

📜 1789 – King Louis XVI Accepts the Declaration of Rights: King Louis XVI agreed to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen, affirming fundamental rights and sparking a turning point in the French Revolution. 🇫🇷

⚔️ 1813 – Napoleon Defeated at the Battle of Leipzig: The coalition of Prussian, Russian, Austrian, and Swedish forces dealt Napoleon a decisive defeat at the Battle of Leipzig, hastening the collapse of his empire. 🌍

🛡️ 1864 – Union Victory at the Battle of Cedar Creek: Union forces under General Philip Sheridan triumphed at Cedar Creek, ending the Confederate threat in the Shenandoah Valley and securing Lincoln’s reelection. 🇺🇸

🌍 1914 – First Battle of Ypres Begins: The First Battle of Ypres started in Belgium during World War I, marking the onset of trench warfare on the Western Front with heavy casualties and little territorial gain. ⚔️

🏙️ 1950 – U.N. Forces Recapture Pyongyang: U.N. forces, led by General MacArthur, recaptured Pyongyang during the Korean War, reversing North Korean advances and marking a significant victory for the coalition. 🇰🇵

🚫 1960 – U.S. Imposes Economic Embargo on Cuba: The U.S. imposed a partial embargo on Cuba after the expropriation of American-owned properties, escalating tensions between the two nations. 🇨🇺

🛢️ 1973 – OAPEC Oil Embargo Escalates: The Arab oil embargo expanded, targeting nations supporting Israel, causing a global energy crisis with skyrocketing prices and fuel shortages. ⛽

📉 1987 – Black Monday Stock Market Crash: The Dow Jones plummeted by 22.6% on Black Monday, the largest one-day percentage decline in stock market history, triggered by overvaluations and computerized trading. 📉