Welcome back to another season of Case By Concept! Tiggy and James are back with their usual commentary. To kick things off this week we are looking at Victimology, and the case of Levi Bellfield.

https://www.alliant.edu/blog/what-is-victimology#:~:text=Characterized as the scientific study,restorative justice as a whole.

https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/397186

https://www.unafei.or.jp/publications/pdf/RS_No70/No70_12VE_Dussich.pdf

https://openoregon.pressbooks.pub/ccj230/chapter/1-14-victims-in-the-cj-system/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-35539761

https://www.itv.com/news/2016-01-27/milly-dowler-a-timeline-of-the-investigation

https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/special-features/milly-dowler---the-timeline-4814942

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2011/jul/04/milly-dowler-voicemail-hacked-news-of-world

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Milly_Dowler

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_Bellfield#Kate_Sheedy

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-46787240

https://www.getsurrey.co.uk/incoming/gallery/levi-bellfield-spend-rest-life-4733693

How can a psychological and theoretical concept turn to murder? Find out on the season finale of Case By Concept!

Definition:

https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/eugenics

In academia:

https://www-sciencedirect-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/science/article/pii/S0140673623003306

https://www-cambridge-org.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/core/journals/history-of-education-quarterly/article/eugenics-sex-and-family-life-education-and-juvenile-delinquency-in-los-angeles-county-california/42B659EAD258BD002D2F589F33214482

https://aeon.co/essays/eugenics-today-where-eugenic-sterilisation-continues-now

In a criminal case:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anders_Behring_Breivik

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/stories-57920682

https://www.britannica.com/event/Oslo-and-Utoya-attacks-of-2011

https://creation.com/anders-breivik-mass-murder

Pictures:

https://www.npr.org/2011/07/22/138626825/police-norway-bombing-shootings-domestic-terror

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/norwegian-mass-killer-breivik-sues-state-again-aftenposten-2023-08-18/

Question:

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/crime/8661660/Tracie-Andrews-unrepentant-as-she-is-freed-from-jail.html?ICID=continue_without_subscribing_reg_first

Can you say Machiavellianism? Tiggy struggles on this episode of Case By Concept.

Definition:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/machiavellianism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiavellianism_(psychology)

https://psychcentral.com/lib/machiavellianism-cognition-and-emotion-understanding-how-the-machiavellian-thinks-feels-and-thrives#Void-of-empathy

In academia:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_triad

https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libezproxy.open.ac.uk/doi/epdf/10.1111/jopy.12251

https://fortune.com/well/2023/02/08/dark-personality-traits-narcissists-manipulators-in-the-workplace/#

Machiavellianism in a criminal case:

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13018142/

https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/local-news/from-the-archives-road-rage-killers-lies-131205

Pictures:

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.birminghammail.co.uk/news/midlands-news/watch-tv-press-conference-convinced-13020925.amp

Question:

https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/local-news/mothers-undying-love-paved-road-1010858

https://crimebodge.co.uk/answers/can-the-police-lie-to-you/#:~:text=Under these rules, police officers,your account or catch inconsistencies.

https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/law-politics/research/impact/improving-protections-for-vulnerable-people-in-police-custody#:~:text=PACE Code C&text=It sets out the rights,injury or autism spectrum condition.

How does a false confession occur? What are the repercussions? Find out in this episode of Case By Concept.

Definition

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/psychology/false-confession

In academia:

https://www.law.umich.edu/special/exoneration/Pages/casedetailpre1989.aspx?caseid=25

https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_crossref_primary_10_1002_bsl_826

https://library-search.open.ac.uk/permalink/44OPN_INST/j6vapu/cdi_webofscience_primary_000412826300001CitationCount

In criminal case:

https://www.barrybaines.co.uk/captivate-podcast/miscarriage-of-justice-stefan-kiszko/

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Lesley_Molseed

Pictures:

https://www.belfastlive.co.uk/news/real-life/man-touched-miscarriage-justice-visits-27095204

Question:

https://milwaukee-criminal-lawyer.com/pros-and-cons-of-a-no-contest-plea/

This week's episode covers the concept of stereotype and the case of Aileen Wuornos.

Definition:

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/stereotype

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/stereotype

In academia:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9103609/

https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/features/lhb-lhb0000190.pdf

In a case

https://capitalpunishmentincontext.org/cases/wuornos

https://www.biography.com/crime/aileen-wuornos

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aileen_Wuornos

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/1945465.stm

Pictures:

https://serialkillersinfo.com/serial-killers/aileen-wuornos-serial-killer/attachment/aileen-wuornos-victims/

Question:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lori_Erica_Ruff#:~:text=Following Ruff's death, her ex,she married into the family./

Today's concept is identity and we look into Stevie Allman! Or.... maybe it isn't Stevie Allman? Listen to find out more!

Definition

https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/identity

https://www.berkeleywellbeing.com/identity.html

https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/dissociative-disorders/#:~:text=There are many possible causes,even an invasive medical procedure.

In academia

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/0950017015620767

https://www.simplypsychology.org/social-identity-theory.html

The case

https://www.nytimes.com/1997/07/17/us/sister-charged-with-murder-and-identity-switch.html

https://www.oxygen.com/snapped/crime-news/sarah-mitchell-killed-sister-to-steal-her-identity

https://www.itv.com/watch/the-truth-about-my-murder/10a3805/10a3805a0003

https://luminolpod.com/blog/f/the-murder-of-stevie-allman

Pictures:

https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/129710756/stevie_viola-allman

https://www.oxygen.com/snapped/crime-news/sarah-mitchell-killed-sister-to-steal-her-identity?amp

https://www.google.com/amp/s/fletchermarple.tumblr.com/post/125563896219/the-black-delilah-sarah-mitchell-47-had-been/amp

Question:

https://www.copfs.gov.uk/publications/deceased-suspects-policy/

Today we cover familicide and the case of Christopher Foster.

Definition:

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/familicide

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familicide#:~:text=Yardley, Wilson, and Lynes divide,them as surplus to requirements.

In academia:

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1524838018821955

https://www.bcu.ac.uk/news-events/news/characteristics-of-family-killers-revealed-by-first-classification-study

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0058981

https://news.npcc.police.uk/releases/report-reveals-scale-of-domestic-homicide-and-suicides-by-victims-of-domestic-abuse#:~:text=A total of 242 domestic,31 adult family homicides (AFH)

The case:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maesbrook#Osbaston_House_deaths

https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3294002/

https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2008/nov/22/christopher-foster-news-crime

https://weatherspark.com/h/m/45062/2008/8/Historical-Weather-in-August-2008-in-London-United-Kingdom

https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/weather/daily-graph?2008-08-26

Pictures:

https://www.birminghammail.co.uk/black-country/my-brother-shot-killed-wife-27574577.amp

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3549392/amp/Aftermath-murder-spree-Pictures-remains-1-2million-home-gutted-fire-millionaire-businessman-shot-dead-wife-daughter-horses-dogs.html

https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/memory/how-memory-works

Today we cover whether false memories can actually exist and how they impact on a criminal case. This episode features violence against children.

Definition:

https://dictionary.apa.org/false-memory

http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/False_memory

In academia:

https://www.ted.com/talks/elizabeth_loftus_how_reliable_is_your_memory?subtitle=en

https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/and-the-memory-wars-wage-on

The case:

https://www.spring.org.uk/2022/12/false-memory.php

https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-08-07/crimes-of-the-times-the-george-franklin-repressed-memory-murder-case

https://www.oxygen.com/true-crime-buzz/has-the-1969-murder-of-susan-nason-been-solved

https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/showtime-buried-repressed-memory-george-franklin-susan-nason-cold-case/

https://caselaw.findlaw.com/court/us-9th-circuit/1262954.html

https://www.eonline.com/news/1306653/murder-memories-and-a-shattered-family-the-twisted-case-unearthed-in-showtimes-buried

Pictures:

https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-08-07/crimes-of-the-times-the-george-franklin-repressed-memory-murder-case