In this interview, I talk to a 64-year-old man from Fji. In some ways, this man’s experience growing up was the most different from the other people I interviewed in 2023. He grew up on the 2d largest island in Fiji, where they did not have broadcast television until the 1990’s. The world was changing exponentially in the South Pacific, as Fiji gained independence from Great Britain in 1970, and other Pacific island nations followed.

Some comments on accents and terminology: Our interview subject has lived in New Zealand for decades, and speaks with a NZ accent. Also, when he speaks of Itaukei people (sounds like, in U.S. accent, ee-tau-kay), he is referring to the indigenous population of Fiji, who comprise about 54% of the population. British brought in Indian people as indentured servants in the late 1800’s, and their descendants now comprise about 38% of the population. Finally, our interviewee references two coups – one in 1987 and one is 2000, that created division amongst the people of Fiji that is now beginning to heal. Although born and educated in Fiji, our interview subject emigrated to New Zealand to pursue advanced studies and stayed to build a career. First a lawyer,now a law professor, he lives in New Zealand but does what he can to help the people of Fiji.

In this interview, I talk to a 66-year-old woman from Victoria, Australia. Like several of the other folks I interviewed in 2023, her primary career was as a law professor before she retired in 2024. Unlike some of the others I interviewed, however, this woman had a very positive experience with religion as a child, and attributes her experiences in her church, along with her parents, and her education, as instilling her with values involving giving back to others, tolerance, and love – values that have stayed with her throughout her life. She has devoted her professional life to studying criminal law systems internationally, examining prison systems, violence against women and children, and human rights.

00:00:13-Introduction of episode

00:00:52-Introduction of guest

00:01:41-Identity & childhood

00:05:10-Education

00:19:28-Employment

00:30:10-Major national or international events

00:35:42-Education

00:41:10-Employment

00:51:40-Shifts in cultural attitudes

01:05:10-Climate change

01:07:15-Middle East

01:08:27-Parenting philosophies

01:14:50-Closing thoughts

01:15:19-Outro

In this interview, I talk to Tonya Krause-Phelan. Like GDM, Tonya was raised on a farm, but while GDM was born in 1954, putting her closer to the baby boomers, Tanya was born in 1962, 8 years later, putting her closer to Gen X. Much of what Tanya said resonated with me. She always felt like an “other” growing up in rural Jackson County, Michigan. I felt like an “other”, too. Tonya describes how those feelings led her to make some unconventional choices for a woman at that time. I hope you enjoy our conversation.