Martha presents with six weeks of dull, intermittent low back pain. The pain worsens with standing but improves slightly with rest. Examination reveals mild lumbar tenderness and restricted motion. Which line of questioning is MOST important to uncover a potential red flag?

A) “Have you noticed changes in bowel or bladder habits?”

B) “What activities seem to aggravate or relieve your pain?”

C) “Have you experienced an increased heart rate and dizziness upon standing? "

D) “Do you have electric-like shocks extending down part of one leg?

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Gertrude presents with right knee osteoarthritis and is being trained to use a cane. She demonstrates unsteady steps when initiating gait and turning, occasionally placing the cane too far ahead of her. She reports feeling unsure about how to use the cane properly in crowded environments. Which intervention is MOST important to improve the patient’s safety and confidence during cane use?

A) Adjust cane height to ensure proper weight distribution

B) Train safe gait initiation and turning techniques

C) Instruct on cane use in crowded environments

D) Recommend a walker for greater stability

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Betty presents with type 2 diabetes and a non-healing ulcer on the lateral ankle. The ulcer is dry, and the patient reports discomfort in her posterior lower leg with walking. On examination, the affected foot has a capillary refill that is prolonged. Which assessment is MOST important to include during the initial evaluation?

A) Monofilament testing for protective sensation

B) Visual inspection for signs of infection

C) ABI to evaluate vascular supply

D) Toe pressure measurement for microvascular assessment

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