On this episode of the special series featuring Native Language Protectors and Carriers, we reflect on the legacy of the Native American Languages Act of 1990 through the stories of Michael Elizondo, Jr. and Chaz Meadows. They are two citizens of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes who are reclaiming their languages, one word and one conversation at a time. From learning with elders and attending ceremonies to immersive master-apprentice programs and digital classes, they share how language connects to culture, humor, and identity—and why its survival is essential for future generations.

Dr. Farina King narrates this episode, and special thanks to Brian D. King for editing the Language Protectors and Carriers series.

A Native of Oklahoma, Michael Elizondo, Jr. received his BFA from Oklahoma Baptist University (2008) and his MFA at the University of Oklahoma (2011). Elizondo has participated in numerous solo and group exhibits regionally and nationally. He has been a professor of fine art and art history at colleges and universities statewide, recently serving as the Director of the School of Art at Bacone College and Executive Director of Language and Culture with the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes. Elizondo is currently focusing on his studio practices full-time.

Jonathan (Chaz) Meadows is a citizen of the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes and a dedicated advocate for Indigenous cultural and linguistic revitalization. He earned dual bachelor's degrees in Native American & Indigenous Studies and Sociology from Fort Lewis College in Durango, Colorado, graduating with Cum Laude and Dean’s List honors. Jonathan is currently a graduate student at the University of Oklahoma, pursuing a master’s degree in Native American Studies. A former president of the Pujuta Tipi Society RSO, his academic and community work is deeply rooted in cultural preservation, language revitalization, and intergenerational knowledge transfer. He is an alumnus of the Wells Fargo, Indigenous Land & Language, American Indian Service, and Cheyenne & Arapaho Higher Education scholarship programs, and a former apprentice in the Cheyenne Language Master Apprenticeship Program. His work is grounded in a lifelong commitment to sustaining Indigenous lifeways for future generations.

Learn more about the efforts to protect and support the study of Native American languages (and all languages) at the University of Oklahoma through the following petitions:

Oppose the Removal of Foreign Language Gen Ed requirements at the University of Oklahoma

Keep Indigenous Languages Alive at OU

For more information about the Oklahoma Native American Youth Language Fair, see the hyperlink.

Learn more about Native American Languages at the University of Oklahoma.

We honor Cheyenne and Arapaho speakers of all generations of the past, present, and future such as Joyce Twins (1943-2020) who taught Cheyenne language for over 20 years, including for some time at the University of Oklahoma.

In this powerful conversation, Dr. Christine Ami shares her journey of navigating the cultural arts program and collaborating on the T’áá wołí bee exhibit at Diné College during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the lens of Wołí Bee, a Diné concept of perseverance, she discusses how Indigenous cultural arts undergirds resilience, community connection, and healing. Christine explores the challenges of maintaining educational programs, supporting students, and preserving cultural practices while facing personal grief and professional transitions during an unprecedented global crisis.

Dr. Christine Ami is a Diné scholar, weaver, and educator at Diné College, specializing in cultural arts and Indigenous studies. With expertise in grant management, curriculum development, and Indigenous animal studies, she has dedicated her career to preserving and promoting Indigenous cultural practices. Christine is an NEH award recipient and continues to research and teach about the intersections of Indigenous culture, education, and community resilience.

Christine expresses appreciation for the many artists, partners, and supporters who made the T’áá wołí bee (“Permanent”) Exhibit possible.

Resources:

Christine Marie Ami, "Wołí bee: Diné Cultural Arts Amid Pandemics,"
in COVID-19 in Indian Country: Native American Memories and Experiences of the Pandemic, eds. Farina King and Wade Davies (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024).

Christine M. Ami website

Christine M. Ami, "Meet Our Faculty," School of Business and Social Science, Diné College website

Christine Ami, "Between the Loom and the Laptop: A Diné Sabbatical," Tribal College Journal (Summer 2025), tribalcollegejournal.org/between-the-loom-and-the-laptop-a-tribal-college-faculty-sabbatical/.

Christine Ami, "'When Waters Rise and Rocks Speak': An Analysis of Indigenous Research Credential Theft by an Ally,” Wicazo Sa Review. 34, 2 (2022), muse.jhu.edu/issue/48824.

Christine Ami, "Politics of Distrust: The Navajo Nation’s use of propaganda devices to recruit participants for COVID-19 trial vaccine," Indian Country Today (2020), https://ictnews.org/opinion/politics-of-distrust-the-navajo-nations-use-of-propaganda-devices-to-recruit-participants-for-covid-19-trial-vaccine/.

Christine Ami, "Review Essay: The Diné Reader: An Anthology of Navajo Literature (Esther G. Belin, Jeff Berglund, Connie A. Jacobs, Anthony Webster, and Sherwin Bitsui, eds.)," Transmotion 8, 1 (2022): 209-217, https://doi.org/10.22024/UniKent/03/tm.1064.

Christine Ami, "Playing Indian: Internal Colonization Seated at the Navajo Loom," Navajo Cultural Arts Program Blog (2020), https://lib.dinecollege.edu/NCAP_Blog/02-2020.

“T’áá awołí bee: Best of Show Panel,” T’áá awołí bee: Navajo Contemporary Arts Conversation Series, Navajo Cultural Arts Program, YouTube video (posted 2021)

In this episode, Dr. Farina King is joined by Dr. Gavin A. Healey, a contributing author of COVID-19 in Indian Country and Assistant Professor of Anthropology and Applied Indigenous Studies at Northern Arizona University (NAU). Gavin highlights how Indigenous graffiti and muralism emerged as vital tools of community care and resistance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing from his chapter, “Native American Graffiti and Aerosol Muralism of the Pandemic,” Gavin addresses works by artists such as Ivan Lee (Diné), whose mural of a masked Diné woman sends a COVID-19 warning, and Jemez Pueblo artist Jaque Fragua, whose pieces amplify Indigenous sovereignty and survival. Photographer Kayla Jackson’s documentation of pandemic murals adds another dimension to the discussion. Gavin reflects on how these public art forms became acts of visual sovereignty, cultural expression, and collective healing in Indian Country, "demistifying" aerosol muralism.

Gavin A. Healey holds an interdisciplinary Ph.D. in American Indian Studies from the University of Arizona with an emphasis in Native Art and public art. His expertise in community-based participatory research and mixed method design aspires to provide agency to individual and community voices with a focus on Native graffiti muralism. This work with collaborators focuses on Native art and Native public art as dialectics of place-making and Native sovereignty. Coupled with his universities' duties, Gavin has spent his career working with Native artists and communities, urban and reservation, as an artist assistant on public murals, curator of museum and gallery exhibitions, and a conscientious ally in community wellbeing. His doctoral research produced the first empirical data collected on Native public art through public surveying. He is working on a forthcoming edited volume with Indigenous artists.

Resources:

Gavin A. Healey, “Native American Graffiti and Aerosol Muralism of the Pandemic: Alternative Messaging of Community Well-Being,” in COVID-19 in Indian Country: Native American Memories and Experiences of the Pandemic, eds. Farina King and Wade Davies (Palgrave Macmillan, 2024).

Gavin Alexander Healey, NAU Directory Webpage

Mural by Navajo graffiti artist, Ivan Lee in COVID-19 archive.

Jaque Fragua (Jemez Pueblo) featured on SODO Track Artists

Kayla Jackson photography, "Creative Cowboy."

NAU Applied Indigenous Studies

Hoka Skenandore (Oneida, Oglala Lakota, and Luiseno) artist website