Episode #74 with Tram Anh Nguyen and Professor Marc I. Steinberg 🎧

In this episode, we feature two conversations exploring different frontiers of finance and technology.

In our opening spotlight, we welcome back Marc Steinberg, professor at Southern Methodist University’s Dedman School of Law and a leading voice in securities and corporate law. His latest book, Corporate Director and Officer Liability: Discretionary, Not Fiduciary (Oxford University Press), challenges the long-standing view that corporate directors and officers should be labeled as “fiduciaries.” Marc explains why liability standards — from the duty of care to the business judgment rule — are too lenient to support that label, and why adopting “discretionary” as a neutral, accurate term could restore clarity and investor trust.

In the second segment, we speak with Tram Anh Nguyen, co-founder of the global digital finance education platform CFTE and Chairwoman of Global Women in AI (GWAI). She shares GWAI’s mission to close gender gaps in AI by equipping women across industries with technical knowledge, leadership skills, and mentorship. Tram Anh highlights the urgency of AI literacy, barriers keeping women from AI-driven opportunities, and how GWAI connects students, professionals, and policymakers to create an inclusive ecosystem shaping the future of technology.

Professor Marc I. Steinberg is the Rupert and Lillian Radford Chair in Law at SMU’s Dedman School of Law. A former attorney at the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, he has taught or lectured at institutions including HKU, Cambridge, Oxford, King’s College London, UCLA, and the University of Pennsylvania, and has served as an expert witness in cases including Enron, Martha Stewart, Mark Cuban, and the National Prescription Opioid Litigation. A prolific scholar, he has written over 150 law review articles and 50 books, including Rethinking Securities Law (Oxford, 2021), which won Best Law Book in the United States from American Book Fest. He is Editor-in-Chief of The International Lawyer and The Securities Regulation Law Journal and is a member of The American Law Institute.

Tram Anh Nguyen is a recognized voice on the future of work and co-founder of CFTE - Centre for Finance, Technology and Entrepreneurship, which has educated over 260,000 alumni across 130+ countries in digital finance. Before launching CFTE in 2017, she spent nearly two decades with Standard Chartered Bank, Dresdner Kleinwort, and UBS Wealth Management, advising ultra-high-net-worth clients. She co-authored the world’s largest Fintech Job Report and founded the Future Skills Forum, which convenes global leaders across policy, education, and industry to drive workforce transformation in the age of AI.

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Faculty of Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani.

For more details about the authors and links, please visit: hkufintech.com/rr

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #73 with Christopher Cottrell, Richard Butler and Haider Mannan 🎧

This episode of Regulatory Ramblings explores how shifting geopolitics is reshaping regulation, investment, and compliance across Asia.

In the first segment, veteran Indo-Pacific journalist Christopher Cottrell joins us from Thailand to discuss rising political tensions following the July 1 suspension of Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra. Cottrell reflects on the country’s fragile democratic institutions, the stalled gaming bill, and the implications of border instability with Cambodia. Despite risks, Thailand continues to attract investors, with Cottrell noting that local legal knowledge remains essential to navigating uncertainty.

In the second half, Richard Butler (Dow Jones) and Haider Mannan (BigTXN) join to discuss compliance and enforcement risks in the current geopolitical climate. Topics include:

• Investment screening in high-risk jurisdictions
• The return of “firm but fair” FCPA enforcement under the Trump administration
• The challenge of selective enforcement and its implications for Asia
• A recent case involving U.S. sanctions on Hong Kong and Chinese firms transferring Iranian oil
• Evolving technologies in vessel tracking and trade surveillance
• The growing role of data science in sanctions compliance and risk detection

Butler and Mannan offer practical insights into how financial institutions are managing these risks. Mannan emphasizes that compliance failures often stem from process gaps, not policy flaws — and argues for continuous, data-driven controls. Butler adds that banks and corporates across Asia are increasingly investing in technology to ensure compliance amid volatility.

The episode closes on a note of cautious optimism. While global enforcement trends and geopolitical tensions present new challenges, they also create opportunities for innovation in compliance strategy.

Guests
– Christopher Cottrell, Journalist and Analyst, Indo-Pacific
– Richard Butler, Vice President & APAC Head of Risk & Research, Dow Jones
– Haider Mannan, CEO & Founder, BigTXN

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani.

For more details about the authors and links, please visit: hkufintech.com/rr

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Ep #72 with Ritu Bhasin and Jeiz Robles 🎧

At a time when DEI (Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion) efforts are being challenged in parts of the world, our guests in this episode make a compelling case for why inclusion still matters - and how it must adapt to remain relevant. Through two rich, regionally grounded conversations, this episode explores how DEI is not just a moral imperative, but also a strategic investment in building workplaces - and societies - where people can truly thrive.

Together, the conversations examine:

• Why DEI work is more than a checkbox - it's a strategic and cultural investment
• How cultural values in Asia shape a different, often more resilient, approach to inclusion
• What’s driving the pullback in the U.S. - and how organizations can respond
• Why belonging is not just a personal goal, but an organizational responsibility

In our Spotlight segment, Jeiz Robles, Director of Diversity, Equity and Inclusion at Community Business in Hong Kong, shares how DEI strategies are developed and implemented across Asia. She discusses why support for inclusion remains strong in the region - despite growing backlash in the West - and how communitarian cultural values like collectivism and harmony play a key role in sustaining long-term DEI commitments. Jeiz also reflects on her own advocacy journey and what it means to build inclusive spaces in workplaces that may appear homogenous on the surface.

In our main segment, Ritu Bhasin, a global DEI expert and founder of bhasin consulting inc., offers a North American perspective. Drawing from her personal experiences as a daughter of Sikh immigrants in Canada and a former lawyer turned leadership coach, Ritu dissects the psychological roots of the backlash: fear, loss of privilege, and the scarcity mindset. She calls for a cultural shift - toward belonging, authenticity, and abundance - and explains how inclusion isn’t just a feel-good goal, but essential to innovation, talent retention, and social progress. Her insights are grounded in her bestselling book, We've Got This: Unlocking the Beauty of Belonging.

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani.

🔗 For more details about the authors and links, please visit: hkufintech.com/rr

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #71 with Joshua Chu, Melizza Anievas, and Lucas Har 🎧

In this episode, we explore the intersecting challenges of financial regulation, geopolitics, and the evolving crypto landscape.

The initial Spotlight segment features Lucas Har (Risk & Compliance Product Manager, Dow Jones), joining us from Singapore to discuss the shifting dynamics of trade compliance, export controls, and sanctions—especially amid escalating US-China tensions. Lucas outlines how fragmented global trade networks, enforcement asymmetries, and regulatory blind spots have enabled evasion tactics—citing, for instance, the convoluted journey of Mercedes-Benz limousines into North Korea—as geopolitical pressures increasingly undermine coordinated compliance efforts. He also shares what legal and compliance professionals need to know about dual-use goods, the role of shell companies, and how firms can improve due diligence to navigate today’s fractured trade environment.

The main segment brings in Hong Kong-based fintech lawyer Joshua Chu (Lecturer, HKU Space | Director, China Information Technology Development) and Web3 strategist Melizza Anievas (Co-founder & Executive Director, Women in Web3 Hong Kong) to dissect Hong Kong’s newly passed Stablecoin Ordinance and the broader push for clarity in global crypto regulation. Passed on May 21, 2025 - just one day after the U.S. Senate approved the GENIUS Act - the new law creates a licensing regime for fiat-referenced stablecoin issuers under the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA). It requires issuers to hold high-quality reserves, guarantee par-value redemption, undergo audits, and comply with AML/CFT measures.

The ordinance is part of a wider Asian effort to shape trustworthy, rules-based decentralized finance (DeFi) and tokenized infrastructure, supported by initiatives like Hong Kong’s Stablecoin Sandbox with participants including Standard Chartered and Animoca Brands.

The discussion expands to the under-regulated world of meme coins and contrasts their speculative risks with the regulatory burdens facing stablecoin issuers. Joshua and Melizza weigh in on how the U.S. GENIUS and STABLE Acts may reshape the stablecoin market globally - prompting some issuers to consider avoiding U.S. dollar references to sidestep extraterritorial reach.

As the conversation turns to innovation and compliance, Joshua argues that regulation mainly offers legal guardrails in a crypto space that has yet to deliver truly transformative products beyond early token models. Melizza reframes the "regulation hampers innovation" trope as a matter of communication strategy, emphasizing that much of the challenge lies in how projects present themselves publicly and to investors in different jurisdictions.

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani.

For more details about the authors and links, please visit: hkufintech.com/rr

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #70 with Mark Nuttal and Steve Vickers 🎧

In this episode of Regulatory Ramblings, two distinguished guests offer rare, experience-based insights into the global forces shaping today’s regulatory, security, and compliance environments.

The first segment features Steve Vickers, former head of the Criminal Intelligence Bureau of what was then the Royal Hong Kong Police Force and now CEO of Steve Vickers & Associates. He delivers a stark assessment of the geopolitical risks across the Asia-Pacific region, focusing on the intensifying rivalry between the United States and China. Vickers outlines how U.S. retrenchment and China’s expanding assertiveness are contributing to a breakdown in the post-Cold War security framework, raising the risk of proxy conflicts, maritime tensions, and economic realignment.

For corporates and financial institutions in hubs like Hong Kong and Singapore, he warns of increased insurance costs, disrupted supply chains, and a patchwork of regulations that complicate cross-border operations. Yet, amid these challenges, Vickers emphasizes the need for strategic flexibility and risk preparedness rather than panic—highlighting that uncertainty, while dangerous, also opens space for opportunity.

In the second segment, Mark Nuttall, a former London Metropolitan Police detective and now a geopolitical and compliance advisor, reflects on the human-centered lessons from his years in law enforcement and how they apply to today’s world of financial compliance. From bouncing in nightclubs to leading serious criminal investigations and advising financial institutions across Asia, MENA, and Europe, Nuttall’s journey offers a compelling narrative of personal resilience and professional evolution.

Drawing from his policing experience, he stresses the value of pragmatism, discretion, and situational awareness—particularly in regulatory roles like suspicious activity reporting and risk assessment. Nuttall critiques the overuse of AI and automation in due diligence, warning that while technology has its place, it cannot replace human judgment in contexts where cultural nuance and real-world experience matter most. He also shares his concerns about overregulation, cautioning that excessive compliance burdens can stifle economies, fuel inequality, and even provoke instability.

Together, these two conversations offer a rich, dual perspective: one zoomed out on the geopolitical stage and its implications for economic systems; the other grounded in the day-to-day decisions of compliance professionals navigating complexity and consequence. Whether you're a regulator, risk officer, or just trying to make sense of a fractured world, this episode offers grounded, actionable insights from two veterans who’ve lived the reality of risk.

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani.

For more details and links, please visit: hkufintech.com/regulatoryramblings

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #69 with Nigel Morris-Cotterrill and Patrick Dransfield 🎧

In this two-part episode of Regulatory Ramblings, host Ajay Shamdasani is joined by two seasoned professionals who examine artificial intelligence from very different, yet deeply complementary angles: cultural, philosophical, and ethical on one hand; legal, compliance, and technical on the other. The result is a wide-ranging, thought-provoking conversation about the role of human intelligence in an increasingly automated world—and the dangers of outsourcing critical decisions to machines.

In the first segment, Patrick Dransfield—a legal marketing expert, author, and co-founder of the Managing Partners Club—discusses his essay Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace, a title borrowed from a Richard Brautigan poem. Patrick, who holds a master’s degree in Chinese history, politics, and anthropology from SOAS (University of London) and a joint honours degree in English and History of Art from the University of Leeds, invites listeners to consider not only what AI is, but what it means to be human in a time of rapid technological change. Drawing on cultural history, classical Chinese philosophy, and his own professional observations, he contrasts Eastern and Western perspectives on the self, society, and intelligence. He explores the fundamental importance of human skills—such as relationship-building and generosity—in legal practice and business development, and how AI cannot replicate or replace these core human capacities.

Patrick argues that while the West often approaches AI with a moral and even quasi-religious fear of transgression—concerned with issues like sentience and ethical boundaries—China’s philosophical traditions tend to frame AI as a pragmatic tool, leading to more open development approaches such as open-source platforms like DeepSeek. He also critiques the prevailing “billable hour” model in law, suggesting that younger professionals will struggle most as automation reshapes entry-level tasks. Ultimately, Patrick makes a strong case for reviving and redefining human intelligence as the foundation upon which any meaningful use of AI must be built.

In the second segment, Nigel Morris-Cotterrill—a veteran solicitor turned financial crime and compliance expert—discusses his provocative article, Computers Are Mechanized Psychopaths. He explains why this title is not just attention-grabbing, but literally accurate: computers, by their very architecture, lack empathy, nuance, and the capacity for moral reasoning. Yet society is increasingly empowering them to make life-altering decisions—about financial transactions, legal violations, online speech, and more.

Nigel warns against the blind trust placed in algorithms, which are often built by developers with limited contextual awareness or cultural sensitivity. He critiques the myth of “machine learning,” arguing that what’s being sold as intelligence is often just a large-scale execution of yes/no decision trees. He shares examples of how poorly applied compliance systems can lead to innocent people being debanked or flagged as suspicious based on flawed logic—without human intervention to correct these mistakes. His call to action is clear: AI should never be allowed to make unreviewed, consequential decisions about people’s lives.

Together, these two interviews offer a sobering but insightful view into the current state of AI and its intersection with law, culture, and ethics. While Dransfield emphasizes the need to understand ourselves before we build better machines, Morris-Cotterrill reminds us that those machines—no matter how sophisticated—must always remain subordinate to human judgment.

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #68 with Chad Olsen and Mark Nuttal 🎧

In a world where politics and regulation intersect, compliance and legal professionals can no longer afford to ignore geopolitical risk. From the fallout of the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan to Russia’s war in Ukraine, the global regulatory landscape has been reshaped by conflict, sanctions, inflation, and cross-border disruption.

In this episode, host Ajay Shamdasani speaks with two experts who explain why understanding geostrategy is now a core part of legal and compliance work—not a nice-to-have, but a must-have.

Chad Olsen (Head of Forensic Services, KPMG China) discusses how regulatory expectations are shaped by political agendas, especially in the areas of sanctions, AML, and financial crime. Drawing on his dual background in finance and political science, Chad explains:

- Why legal and compliance teams need geopolitical awareness
- How FATF, U.S. DPAs, and other instruments are inherently political
- Why understanding “why” a regulation exists is as important as “what” it requires
- Whether firms should hire IR or political risk specialists—or build internal capability
- How professionals can upskill themselves by staying informed and asking deeper questions

Mark Nuttall (Executive Advisor, Dubai) builds on this by offering a strategic risk perspective shaped by 25+ years in law enforcement, global advisory, and geopolitical intelligence. Mark shares:

- How global events impact compliance obligations and institutional risk
- Why FATF grey listing has real consequences for regulatory pressure and market perception
- The compliance officer’s role in navigating shifting norms, sanctions, and cross-border uncertainty
- The importance of total situational awareness for anyone responsible for governance or risk
- Why proactive scenario planning is more effective than reactive policy-following

The central question: In an era of rapid change, what must compliance and legal professionals do to stay relevant—and keep their organizations resilient?

Whether you’re in a law firm, bank, fintech, or multinational, this episode shows how geopolitics has become embedded in compliance. Understanding international developments isn’t a soft skill; it’s a core strategic competency.

Topics covered:
– Geostrategy and regulatory design
– Sanctions, FATF, and political enforcement
– Interdisciplinary compliance: law meets global affairs
– Upskilling for geopolitical fluency
– Strategic foresight in legal and compliance functions

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this podcast are solely those of Ajay Shamdasani, Chad Olsen, and Mark Nuttal.

The Regulatory Ramblings podcast is brought to you by The University of Hong Kong's Reg/Tech Lab (Building Better Financial Systems), HKU-SCF FinTech Academy, Asia Global Institute, and HKU-edX Professional Certificate in FinTech, with support from HKU Law. The program is led by Douglas Arner and hosted by Ajay Shamdasani. For more details and links, please visit: www.hkufintech.com/regulatoryramblings

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.

Episode #67 with Nigel Morris-Cotterill, Oonagh van den Berg and Malcolm Nance

In this episode of Regulatory Ramblings, the panel tackles the Trump administration’s controversial move to suspend enforcement of the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA)—a key anti-money laundering (AML) initiative passed under the Biden administration. The decision, announced by the U.S. Treasury Department in early March, stated that it would halt all penalties and fines associated with beneficial ownership information reporting under current regulatory deadlines. Crucially, it also confirmed that no penalties would apply even after forthcoming rule changes take effect—effectively dismantling the mechanism meant to expose the real owners of shell companies.

The net result: the U.S. government will no longer require shell companies to disclose their beneficial owners, allowing wealthy individuals and corporations to hide their profits from public scrutiny. The CTA, passed in 2021, had required companies to submit ownership data to FinCEN (Financial Crimes Enforcement Network) as a means to tackle tax evasion and corporate cronyism. The rule's enforcement had already been frozen by a federal court order. Reacting to the Treasury’s announcement, President Donald Trump took to Truth Social, calling the CTA “an absolute disaster for Small Businesses Nationwide” and celebrating the suspension of what he described as “the economic menace” of beneficial ownership reporting.

This episode’s Spotlight segment features returning guest Nigel Morris-Cotterill, a renowned expert in counter-money laundering and financial crime compliance. He breaks down why the term “beneficial ownership” is a legal misnomer in corporate law and argues that the CTA was always set up to fail—especially in a country like the U.S. that has historically resisted full FATF compliance. Nigel discusses how this rollback affects compliance expectations in Asia-Pacific financial hubs like Hong Kong and Singapore, stressing that legal and compliance professionals in the region must remain vigilant. He also cautions that the rollback creates tension between U.S. and local AML standards, while selective extraterritorial enforcement by the U.S. is all but guaranteed.

Joining the discussion, Malcolm Nance and Oonagh Van den Berg weigh in on the global implications of the move. They explore whether this rollback represents a temporary pause for regulatory review or a tectonic shift in the U.S.’s approach to corporate accountability, transparency, and AML enforcement. Oonagh underscores that while the CTA imposed real burdens on SMEs, the abandonment of enforcement could signal a broader retreat from anti-corruption efforts—especially as the Trump administration also moves to suspend the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) and disband units focused on fighting kleptocracy.

Together, the panel explores pressing questions: Will deregulation lead to more illicit finance? Is this the start of a new multipolar world order where financial crime enforcement becomes political and transactional? They touch on how trade-based money laundering, sanctions evasion, and the exploitation of legacy systems like hawala continue to pose massive risks to financial systems.

The conversation ends with a consensus that blanket deregulation is not the answer. Instead, they call for smarter, more risk-based, tech-enabled regulation that moves beyond box-ticking and uses modern tools—like AI and data analytics—to target the real threats. It’s a sobering yet thought-provoking discussion on what may be the beginning of a global recalibration in financial crime compliance.

HKU FinTech is the leading fintech research and education in Asia. Learn more at www.hkufintech.com.